A Critical Analysis Of The General Idea Of Orient Spread...

In 1978, Edward Said made a critical analysis on the general idea of Orient spread in the Western world. He demonstrated that Orientalism is a way of cultural domination of the West against the East, and therefore it is none other than a product of European ethnocentrism. Furthermore, the Europe came to be self-confident that it is a mission of the West to save and develop the Orient, which led them justified their colonisation. In doing so, he also pointed out, the conviction of their own knowledge of the Orient gave a power of domination to the Europeans. (1978, p.11) In this essay, I will argue that these Said’s insights are useful to understand why development has been viewed as necessary and how development has actually been conducted by the West. Cases of India and African countries will be illustrated as examples. Understanding the Background of Development Said’s comment help us understand the background of development. The origin of development can be truck back to the time of colonization. The 15th century was a century of ‘encounter’ to the non-European people for the Western people whose intention to acknowledge and modernize the non-Europeans was based on an idea to spread Christianity. (Rojas and Kindornay, 2014, p.12) It was a mission for the ‘us’ Christians to teach ‘them’ who are yet to understand the greatness of Jesus Christ. As its universalist aspirations came to mismatch the global design of the West in the 18th century, the concept of civilizingShow MoreRelatedThe Distorted Images in Heart of Darkness4513 Words   |  19 Pagesthe perspective of post-colonialism and Orientalism theory. The present paper is divided into five parts: Part 1 is a brief introduction of the author as well as the main idea of the novella. It also makes a clear the writing purpose of the thesis. Namely, to reveal and study Conrad’s imperialist thought in light of the analysis of the distorted images in the novella. Part 2 shows how Africans and Africa are regarded as â€Å"other†. Part 3 analyzes the distorted image of the Africans as Orientals. PartRead MoreSociology and Other Sciences7090 Words   |  29 Pageso Pledging allegiance: Makes individuals feel part of a group and therefore less likely to break rules. 2. To maintain social role o School is a society in miniature. It has a similar hierarchy, rules, and expectations to the outside world. It trains young people to fulfill roles. 3. To maintain division of labor. o School sorts students into skill groups, encouraging students to take up employment in fields’ best suited to their abilities. Crime Durkheims views on crimeRead MoreEssay on American Imperialism in the Philippines3614 Words   |  15 Pagesemergence of dependent colonies. In addition, by adding a new western aspect to the national identity, they set a trend for westward expansion (Henretta 181). The Monroe Doctrine and the Manifest Destiny stated Americas philosophies regarding foreign policy. The Monroe Doctrine (1823), crafted by President Monroe and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, was a statement of Americas foreign policy. It warned Europe to stay out of the Western Hemisphere. Monroe particularly did not want Spain to attemptRead More A Theological Perspective of the Clash of Civilizations Essay7154 Words   |  29 PagesSamuel P. In the summer 1993 edition of the journal Foreign Affairs, Huntington argued that world politics was entering a new phase after the end of the Cold War, and that tensions between civilizations, as the highest cultural groupings of people, would dominate the global scene. He explains the article’s thesis in these words. It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankindRead MoreStri Bhrun Hatya Essay in Marathi4841 Words   |  20 PagesViews on capitalism: Analysis of modern Capitalism. Protestant Ethic and Emergence of Capitalism; Role of ideas and Values in social change. 02. Charles Horton Cooley Intellectual background Cooley’s thought on primary Group. The Characteristics of primary Group. Importance of Primary Group. Charles Cooley’s concept of looking Glass self communication. Social Process, Collective behaviour Cooley’s thought on sociological method. Cooley’s thought on institutional Analysis. References: 01Read MoreStrategic Management - Eu Yan Sang Case Study8311 Words   |  34 Pages1. Past Performance Assessment 6 4. EXTERNAL ANALYSIS 7 4.1. Political 7 4.2. Economic 8 4.3. Social 8 4.4. Technological 8 4.5. Legal 9 4.6. Environmental 9 4.7. Conclusion of PESTLE Analysis 10 5. INTERNAL ANALYSIS 10 5.1. SWOT Anal ysis on Eu Yan Sang 10 5.2. Conclusion of SWOT Analysis 11 6. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 13 6.1. Key Success Factors 13 6.2. Michael Porter’s Generic and 5 Forces Analysis 15 6.3. Michael Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 15 6.4. Implications of Assessment (Issues) 17 Read MoreStrategic Management - Eu Yan Sang Case Study8325 Words   |  34 PagesSITUATION 6 3.1. Past Performance Assessment 6 4. EXTERNAL ANALYSIS 7 4.1. Political 7 4.2. Economic 8 4.3. Social 8 4.4. Technological 8 4.5. Legal 9 4.6. Environmental 9 4.7. Conclusion of PESTLE Analysis 10 5. INTERNAL ANALYSIS 10 5.1. SWOT Anal ysis on Eu Yan Sang 10 5.2. Conclusion of SWOT Analysis 11 6. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 13 6.1. Key Success Factors 13 6.2. Michael Porter’s Generic and 5 Forces Analysis 15 6.3. Michael Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 15 6.4. Implications of Assessment (Issues) 17 7. OBJECTIVESRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesON TWENTIETH-C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in RecentRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting13457 Words   |  54 Pagesaccountants. Research limitations/implications – There is limited value in conducting future surveys of the adoption and implementation of SMA or SMA techniques. Rather, the focus should be on how SMA-inspired techniques and processes diffuse into general practice within organizations. Originality/value – Twenty-ï ¬ ve years after the term strategic management accounting was ï ¬ rst introduced in the literature, this paper brings together disparate literature and provides a broad assessment of the â€Å"state-of-the-art†Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesChallenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting

Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1972 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Criminal Justice Essay Did you like this example? It has been seen all over the country, causing riots and looting. These controversial events that seemingly happen more often than ever. The racial discrimination of our criminal justice system some may say have hit an all-time high. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System" essay for you Create order Nobody is saying that everything about the system is wrong but one person summed it up better than I could. Carlos Berdejo wrote, â€Å"research examining racial disparities in the criminal justice process has focused on its two endpoints—the arrest and initial charging of defendants and judges’ sentencing decisions.† (Berdejo 1) This explains it best because it shows us the worst possible points in the process, and where discrimination is most evident. It is very important how you talk about these things to not misrepresent the problem with weak evidence. I want to show one thing here and that is this. Preconceived stereotypes and systematic racism are essential to the discrimination of people of color in the criminal justice system. Stereotypes can be as harmless as saying just because youre tall you should play sports. However, this isnt always the case, the criminal justice systems discrimination is based off stereotypes of people of color sometimes even over evidence. This isnt just a riding the wave of hype from social media and the top news channels. This problem has been broken down and examined hundreds maybe even thousands of times. The essay written by Berdejo was a great expression of this problem. Berdejo states, â€Å"White defendants are twenty-five percent more likely than black defendants to have their principal initial charge dropped or reduced to a lesser crime. This sort of problem will rarely be brought up because of the fact that they are found guilty just for different crimes. This sort of thing can be caused by many things, stereotypes for example. One stereotype you hear on the news about court cases is how dangerous to society the defendants are. If you put two and two together this is s aying that people of color are thereby considered more dangerous to society than whites. This can be one of two factors, either it is the jury that thinks this or perhaps maybe even the judges themselves. You can see the problem here. Article #7 of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the United Nations puts it exactly how it should be, â€Å"All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.† Not a day goes by that we as a country will ever forget the horrors of what happened before and during the civil war era. That was so long ago there cant be a problem with that now, right? Ever since the Jim Crow Laws were redacted from use many people ask if they are really gone or just taken another form for present-day America. Allen Beck and Alfred Blumstein quote Michael Alexander’s The New Jim Crow (2010) claiming â€Å"The racial difference in prison is largely attributable to intentional emphasis on offenses that blacks commit.† (Beck Blumstein 854) This takes on a huge weight when someone claims this. It does have some substantial evidence of it. What is the difference from back then when they would arrest people of color for little to no reason? Now they can just lock you up for just being of color or maybe just give you an extended sentence. This just proves that previous history still plays a big role in the criminal justice system more than the evidence of the case. One example that you can maybe relate to just to let it sink in is this. When you see a retired professional athlete either working another job or just out and about you only think about who they were not about who they are now. They are just athletes to us nothing more nothing less, and I believe this same concept applies to people of color either before arrests or in the courtroom. In the US we have a saying in our courts and justice system â€Å"justice is blind† this means that no matter what race, religion, ethnicity, gender, etc, that you will be tried the same as everyone else. We know that no matter how hard we want to believe this it is simply not true. Donna Coker brings up an amazing point about a misconception that African Americans account for more drug convictions and arrests because they are more involved in violent trafficking gangs, therefore, it would make sense. (Coker 830) She then goes on to say this, â€Å"There is no empirical data that would prove the Governments claim and that data that does exists suggest that claim may be inaccurate.†(Coker 830) After analyzing this find It got me to think what would the reasoning be for the excessive arrests in the black community? Whatever the reasoning is the statistics do not side with lack of evidence to support the Governments conclusion. Coker says â€Å"though African Americans m ake up about 12 percent of the national population, they represent close to half of those who are incarcerated for crimes.† (Coker 831) Although these statistics are not exactly current I have yet to see anything to suggest a change. The conclusion I receive from this is that skin color/ethnicity plays a bigger role is sentencing and initial arrests then some evidence that could be presented. Racism is a word that gets thrown around a lot in todays day and age but many do not know what it actually means. It is very hard to decipher whether it is truly racism or just hate. This is what many believe is happening in the police departments and courts around the US. Many do not think it is racism involved or they might not be educated enough to talk about it. However, there are many cases and studies were done on this and some interesting experiences have been found putting the system we rely on into question. Deeply embedded racism is the cause of the unbalanced prisons over the actual crime rate. This is saying that the actual crime rate is not being controlled for all persons but instead people of color are targeted more heavily than whites. It has been shown in a study from Florida that blacks imprisonment rate is up to and even more than 6 times that of whites. (Bales Piquero 743) The reasoning for this varies with each person you ask, but when the numbers are that stagg ering then something is very wrong. I believe that racism is still embedded in our collective minds and we all use it more or less when making decisions. It never really disappeared after the civil war era and are extremely worrying to a majority of America. When you see the statistics and numbers showing these huge racial differences between blacks and white you obviously want it to change right? This is a problem that some are finding out recently. When many people are exposed to these things they dont have that expected response, even when you try to be completely clear and really show them whats really going on they tend to actually go in the other direction. (Eberhardt Hetey 184) This might confuse you and it did me at first too but really it brings me back to what I said before. We are so race-minded that we can not just point out a problem and expect everyone to all get behind it together. When we are faced with an issue that does not directly affect us we rarely muster up much support on the issue. Since this problem isnt blasted over news outlets and kind of shoved aside it goes unnoticed by the general population. This issue with our system in place isnt something we can just pass a law and completely fix it. However, I do believe one issue is possible to fix. In America we are able to defend ourselves in court with attorneys we can buy, however not everyone can do this so we provide for those individuals. The problem isnt that we leave them to fend for themselves is that the resources we give them arent good enough to get a fair and even trial. The underfunded and understaffed public defenders offices are the root cause of this and more times than not it directly affects these minority groups. (Engstrom) Nothing will ever be more eye-opening then looking at the poor community when they are on trial for capital punishment. Is it acceptable to put someones life in the hands of a public defender or should something else be done to ensure they arent going to die because of a mistake a lawyer can make? â€Å"Poor people charged with capital offences in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas, and e lsewhere usually have no alternative except to be represented by attorneys who lack the skill, knowledge, resources, financial incentive and willingness to protect their rights.† (Bright 690) Really this isnt necessarily a race issue, however, we cannot be okay with putting a below average unmotivated lawyer in charge of someones life. It can be fixed by proper funding and training it is only a matter of time before this happens but for now, it is a waiting game. Although this is such a controversial topic the one thing I think we all can agree on is if its true it needs to be fixed sooner rather than later at this point. There are ways to fix this, however. We would need to completely switch the standards for our policing and our court trials. For some, this seems ridiculous and would hurt more than help but when you look at the numbers we already are almost to the point of no return. If you believe that we do not need drastic changes then this quote from Hester and Hartman will change your mind. â€Å"judges will feel ‘‘liberated’’ to individualize the sentence on a variety of factors. This ambiguity increases the likelihood that sentencing decisions might be influenced by the race of the offender (Spohn 2000; Spohn and Cederblom 1991; Spohn and DeLone 2000).† (Hester and Hartman 78) This should scream out to everyone the need for change. Our system should not be incentivized to convict individuals no matter what race. It is a known fact that District Attorneys are rated by their conviction rates and police departments by the number of arrests they make. Justice cannot be incentivized by any means or it goes against the saying I brought up before injustice being blind. In conclusion, the problem with our criminal justice system has 5 factors that contribute to its discriminatory actions we see through the years. The biggest problem we face is the stereotypes drilled into our brains from movies, news, social media. It sticks with you for the rest of your life-altering your decisions. Next, is the deeply embedded racism starting back hundreds of years and we have yet to break through those grasps. This goes hand in hand with how our previous history affects our country today with The New Jim Crow and everything involving the rights of our black Americans. The one factor I think we as a nation should be able to eliminate is the lack of proper resources for defending the poverty-stricken individuals who put their lives in the hands of public defendants. Lastly the fact that it has been proven that the color of your skin can directly impact your conviction and sentencing is beyond me. You should always have a fair and even trial no matter what the charg e or who you are as a person. The systematic racism and stereotyping are essential to the constant discrimination we see on a day to day basis in America. It is only a matter of time before it hits the point of no return.

Business Process Outsourcing (Bpo) - 2672 Words

BPO Industry in India- A Report Business process outsourcing (BPO) is a broad term referring to outsourcing in all fields. A BPO differentiates itself by either putting in new technology or applying existing technology in a new way to improve a process. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is the delegation of one or more IT-intensive business processes to an external provider that in turn owns, administers and manages the selected process based on defined and measurable performance criteria. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is one of the fastest growing segments of the Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES) industry. Few of the motivation factors as to why BPO is gaining ground are: †¢ Factor Cost Advantage †¢ Economy of Scale†¦show more content†¦o Data entry of E-Books / Electronic Books o Data Entry : Yellow Pages / White Pages Keying o Data Entry and compilation from Web site o Data Capture / Collection o Business Card Data Entry into any Format o Data Entry from hardcopy/Printed Material into text or required format o Data Entry into Software Program and application o Receipt and Bill Data Entry o Catalog Data Entry. o Data Entry for Mailing List/Mailing Label. o Manuscripting typing in to word o Taped Transcription in to word. o Copy, Paste, Editing, Sorting, Indexing Data into required format etc. 7. Data Conversion Services Service Example: o Conversion of data across various databases on different platforms o Data Conversion via Input / Output for various media. o Data Conversion for databases, word processors, spreadsheets, and many other standard and custom-made software packages as per requirement. o Conversion from Page maker to PDF format. o Conversion from Ms-Word to HTML format o Conversion from Text to Word Perfect. o Conversion from Text to Word to HTML and Acrobat o Convert Raw Data into required MS Office formats. o Text to PDF and PDF to Word / Text / Doc o Data Compilation in PDF from Several Sources. o E-Book Conversion etc. 8. Scanning, OCR with Editing Indexing Services Service Example: o High speed Image-Scanning and Data capture services o High speed large volume scanning o OCR Data FromShow MoreRelatedBusiness Process Outsourcing ( Bpo ) Industry Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing 3.1 Industry Voxpro is operating in the business process outsourcing (BPO) industry. The BPO sector has several key market drivers the first one being the rising awareness among firms about the advantages of outpouring some of which include cost saving, improved service provision, it allow the company to focus on their main production areas, and it enables the company to partner with skilled manpower (Mello 2014, p. 268). Hence, BPO is a popular sector and very marketable among firmsRead MoreThe Business Process Outsourcing ( Bpo )2965 Words   |  12 Pagesdrivers are the Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) who usually remit on average $25 Billion a year (www.bsp.gov.ph/Statistics/keystat/ofw.htm). Next to this are the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) which is popularly known as call center business which churns about $18 Billion a year (www.asiabriefing.com/news/2015/02/oursourcing-bpo). You could see skyscrapers in major metropolitan areas sprouting unceasingly signalling that the economy is robust and poised to take off. Or is it really? ThisRead MoreOutsourcing : Outsourcing Of Outsourcing Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pages1. What is BPO Business Process Outsourcing? BPO is a subset of outsourcing that involves subcontracting of various business-related operations such as accounting and customer service to a third party. The global BPO industry is estimated to be worth more than US$952 billion and is forecasted to experience strong growth between 3.5% and 7.6% CARG as can be observed in Figure1. BPO is often divided into two categories: a. Back Office Outsourcing: Internal business functions such as billing orRead MoreIndian Bpos- Waking Up the Philippines Opportunity1435 Words   |  6 PagesIndian BPOs- Waking up the Philippines Opportunity Analysis The Indian labor market has always been key in globalization, and has been attractive due to its low wages, and the scientific and managerial talent found in the country. The main issues faced in this case mostly stem from the loss of the tax abatement in India, in addition to the weakening US dollar. Due to these two issues, doing business in India versus other fruitful options like Philippines becomes very expensive. These are majorRead MoreOutsourcing China Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, Chinas service outsourcing have been expanding from scratch, and gradually expand the field, scope of business mainly related to Information Technology industry, producing services, as well as cultural and creative industries, the target involving Japan, Korea, Europe, America and India. In Shanghai, Beijing and other cities formed a group of outsourcing industry cluster, with significant economic benefits of international service outsourcing park; local outsourcing companies grew rapi dlyRead MoreBusiness Process Outsourcing Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesThe trend in the world of business grows rapidly. Historically, it is difficult to find the best solutions for the common issues in business such as quality, cost and innovation. Nevertheless, business experts have reacted by implementing strategies. One of these strategies is the farming out of services to a third party (Overby 2007), which is called outsourcing .According to The Daily Telegraph (2007), worldwide outsourcing is now valued at approximately $US4 trillion. Originally, it was thoughtRead MoreAnalyse the Importance of Information and Communication Technologies in the Process of International Outsourcing.1042 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication technologies in the process of international outsourcing. Information and communication technologies are of paramount importance in the process of international outsourcing primarily through the technological advancement surge and demand in recent years. Through the rise of Information technology in recent years, the importance of international outsourcing rose significantly. Outsourcing is the contracting of the management and/or execution of a business function to an outside third-partyRead MoreQuestions On Knowledge Process Outsourcing1018 Words   |  5 Pages5. Knowledge Process Outsourcing While defining the Knowledge Process Outsourcing, it is worth to know and think about the same as (BPO), however at a higher position in the intellectual value chain. The old Business Process Outsourcing firms which are used to deliver basic backend or customer care support are shifting up this value chain. Offshoring of knowledge concentrated or related business processes which require specialized domain oriented expertise, defines KPO. The KPO typically involvesRead MoreFeasibility And Benefits Of Business Process Outsourcing Essay3437 Words   |  14 Pagesresearch topic is to find the feasibility and the benefits of Business process outsourcing and Knowledge process outsourcing, in India. The research is planned to be conducted keeping Indian market in perspective, which is why one of the booming industries ‘Outsourcing units’ has been chosen, to complete the research on. India has come out to be major player in the outsourcing business since past a few years. (Ahmedabad) Outsourcing the business is in trend as it helps the company to cut the operationalRead MoreStrategic Dimensions Of Sourcing And Shoring Techniques822 Words   |  4 Pagesthe marketplace, conducting business abroad, and conducting business on the home front, or near the home place. These strategic dimensions include (a) domestic outsourcing (b) insourcing (c) backsourcing (d) offshoring (e) offshore outsourcing (f) onshoring (g) nearshoring (h) strategic outsourcing (i) business process outsourcing (BPO) and (j) offshore service providers (OSPs). These sourcing and shoring techniques can be complicated to understand. Domestic outsourcing is when a company decides to

Nazi Germany Positive And Negative Effects On The World War I

Life in Nazi Germany had many positive and negative effects on the people that were living there between 1933-1939. The treaty of Versailles was when Germany was in great despair. The Germans had to pay back repatriations for losing the war, they lost territory, accepted the blame for causing World War I and there was also the near elimination of the Germany army. This all lead Germany into suffering badly through the Great Depression. The Nazi party and their leader Adolf Hitler brought the Totalitarian rule into place and promised the German people a better life. Totalitarianism was used by the Nazi party to have control of education, militarism, propaganda, economic policies and their power to elimination any of the opposition. The positive impacts under the Nazi rule were full employment and economic growth, increase in national prestige and pride, huge successful at hosting the Olympics in 1936 and regaining lost territories. The negative impacts under the Nazi rule were persecu tion of minorities, economic growth focused on the militarily, expansionism as the path to war and loss of the personal freedom. Overall, rule of Totalitarianism that Adolf Hitler made caused some of the worst moments for the German people living between 1933-1939. Conditions in Germany in 1930-1933 Between 1930-1933 Germany suffered from cruel conditions after they had to sign the Treaty of Versailles. The Great Depression also lead Germany into economic despair and the weakness of the WeimarShow MoreRelatedDystopian Societies And Progression Towards Equality Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesAdolf Hitler, during his time of power, was responsible for millions of deaths and leading Germany into a dystopian society. 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Strategic Analysis of WRSX Group Free Essays

string(230) " on several aspects which are the future and exist marketing development, the human recourse issue about the weak leadership capabilities lack of talent people in group and the cost and budget problems response to finance\." Introduction Phrase one. Analyzing the strategic position In this stage, is analyzing the strategic position of WRSX Group. By using the PESTEL framework we can analyse the many different factors in a firm’s macro environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis of WRSX Group or any similar topic only for you Order Now PESTEL analysis is a useful tool for understanding the â€Å"big picture† of the environment, in which you are operating, and the opportunities and threats that lie within it. By understanding the environment in which you operate (external to your company or department), you can take advantage of the opportunities and minimize the threats. (Ghemawat, 2008). The Five Force frameworks will response to the industry analysis. Five Forces is a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development. It is consisted of five key factors; entry barriers, buyer power, supplier power, substitute competitions and industry competitor. (Johnson and Scholes, 2009) The SWOT is useful when we are analyzing the internal environment of WRSX Group. It is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. (Strengths: characteristics of the business or team that give it an advantage over others in the industry. Weaknesses: are characteris tics that place the firm at a disadvantage relative to others. Opportunities: external chances to make greater sales or profits in the environment. Threats: external elements in the environment that could cause trouble for the business). (David, 1995) For the current situation of whole industry of advertising, it is under high level competition. A considerable numbers of agencies live in this industry. The range of their scale is quite widely, it covers large international agencies to small local business firm even only two people involved. Meanwhile, lots of business opportunities in advertising. Under the whole world economic is increasing background, firms are comfortable to put budget on advertise part. Generally speaking, the advertising industry is trend to maturely and prosperously. However, lots of elements could be influence advertising industry. The industry trends to mature, then the problem come out, which is market shrink. New media develops. Due to the outstanding advantages of it, whole advertising industry has to move the core to new media filed. Competitive advantages in advertising industry mainly deriving from creative innovative capability, range and breadth of services or products. The creative innovate capability is the most important for any agency in advertising industry due to it is the key thing to clarify differentiation of products or services what they are supply . At the same time, this is also a significant factor to attract clients. The key stakeholders in the WRSX Group, expects a long – term global brand developments and achievements. In somewhere, conflicts may exist different stakeholder groups. (Johnson and Scholes, 2009, p.106 ) Currently performance of WRSX Group is relatively successful. However, some aspects should be enhanced. The attraction Retention: WRSX Group scores highly on its market research capability and its understanding of market segments and channels, also scores highly in terms of its creativity and innovation, but not in USA. The breadth of services matches the industry average. The Leadership Capability: some offices perform well but others perform badly in terms of Management of Operations, Information Management and Administration. This is the reason for why its score of this below industry average. Management of Risk: the WRSX Group has performed well in management of Financial Risk, but it has dropped below average due to some acquisitions have not been perceived as financially astute. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Previous analyses have shown high scores for WRSX Group in terms of its ethical stance and its social profile but lower for corporate governance. After the discus sing processing in the presentation group, some of strategic issues are find out. The first one is relation to marketing. The revenue of WRSX Group in Asia Pacific has some problems due to the WRSX Group does not focus on the new media and digital media filed. It leads to lose attraction to clients. The second one is the financial problem. The WRSX Group get high level staff costs, while the revenue is not good enough to support this behavior. The third one is the management issue, including the corruption, the weak leadership capabilities and the bad procurement. The WRSX Group losing talent people in firms, which influence the creation and reputation. The awful acquisitions make WRSX Group losing financial supports to develop brand value. Broadly speaking, the WRSX Group has matched average score in advertising industry. Meanwhile, there are something above have to enhanced or revised, which aim to achieve the global brand development of WRSX Group. Phrase Two. Making Strategic Choices In this stage, is analyzing the strategic choices of WRSX Group. The current strategy of the WRSX Group is in some aspects. For the marketing, the exits market of WRSX Group indeed need develop, which aims to enhance the capability. Meanwhile, lots of new thing are waiting for the WRSX Group to achieve as well. The choice of opening new markets, such as new media or digital media field could be excellent for WRSX Group. (Johnson and Scholes,2009) For the WRSX Group, it defines itself as a creative advertising agency in the industry. So the WRSX Group the group should keep and attract the experienced staffs who equipped high level innovation and creativity. The talent and quality staffs are not enough to make sure the WRSX Group goes well. The situation of weak leadership capability of WRSX Group has to be improved. The weak awareness of leadership could be the reason for some awful acquisitions what the WRSX Group did. The money losing release pressure to WRSX Group’s financia l. For the financial part, control the costs and the budget for acquisitions should be done immediately. Meanwhile, keep its revenue also indeed. It is able to make sure the whole agency goes well. It is the foundation of enhance the WRSX Group’s buying power, increase its reputation and develop new market. Generally speaking, the strategic gaps of WRSX Group have list above, it focus on several aspects which are the future and exist marketing development, the human recourse issue about the weak leadership capabilities lack of talent people in group and the cost and budget problems response to finance. You read "Strategic Analysis of WRSX Group" in category "Essay examples" In this stage, in order to evaluate our strategic choices, also shrinking the gaps which mentioned, the group members analyzed about suitability, acceptability and feasibility aspects of the WRSX Group.(Johnson and Scholes, 2009) While some problems in implementing the choice we are making at this stage. They are in different levels. In corporate level, the group should focus new market or new field developing, meanwhile, enhance the attraction of WRSX Group is necessary as well. While in the business level, revise the leadership issue should be done, and risk management should be consideration. Whether or not to open new markets in international market should be make the choice. The result of us for this aspect is developing the Chinese market as the new market for the WRSX Group. Another aspect, talent and experienced people are losing in the New Work office of WRSX Group. This influences the creative quality of the WRSX Group. There still have some risks for the WRSX Group. Those risks are linked to the problems which are presented in the phrase one. The reputation risk links to the talent and experienced people losing, the whole team creative capability is influenced; the financial risk links to the weak leadership capability, some bad acquisitions losing money. Phrase Three. Analyzing the strategic actions In this stage, is analyzing the strategic actions of WRSX Group. Based on the results what we got from previous two stages, there are four options of action picked up from six of them. The four options are Managing Generation Y: delivering the Doughnuts, Sustainability policy, exploiting the digital opportunity, Expansion into China. After those actions taken, the share price increased from 2.28 GBP to 2.50 GBP. The revenue, profit and PBIT index increasedas well. The assumption brought out on the task which is hoping the share price increased due to the right decisions what we made. However, some disagreements are appears in the processing of pick up those options mentioned above. The most outstanding problem in discussing is disagreement of the definition of some options. Every group member presents their own opinions and awareness of each option. After that, compare with every member’s presentation, then pick up the agreements and disagreements. For the disagreement, group members discuss about them again. The reasonable word should be come out when the member presenting. At the end, the final decisions were made by the majority opinion of group members. For the personal decisions degree of certainty, it might be seven or eight degree on a scale of one to ten. But other members also keep some common opinions with me. This is reason for why the degree in high level. After each group meeting and seminar, lots of resources and results come out for the WRSX Group. It is able to use these resources to obtain more achievements, response to financial and social relationship part. The WRSX Group equipped experienced and talent staff, whom equipped excellent innovation and creativity capabilities to produce or supply services. However, this is not including the New York office due to some talent and experienced people quit the WRSX Group. All in all, the WRSX Group still obtained high level reputation in this industry. At the meantime, the WRSX Group doing well about market research, which is rely on understanding its market parts and methods. As the consequences of it, many spaces for the group are able to develop. For instances, set up the Chinese market as the new market for the WRSX Group. For global advertising market, the United States occupied most percent of it. However, in the global advertising market in general downward trend, China, Russia a nd some other advertising market showed vitality. For Chinese advertising market, it is continuous developing with high speed in last decade. In 2010, the turnover of Chinese advertising industry is 200.41 billion Chinese Yuan. Increased by 14 billion Chinese Yuan compared with 2009. Meanwhile, the Chinese advertising industry is not mature. It is an opportunity for WRSX Group to establish the branch in China, or looking for a local agency as a corporate body. This point is analyzed in previous part. Another is that the WRSX Group should consider about the opportunities in new media or digital media aspect. Some reasons, the digital media is the main trend in the near future, which based on the internet, mobile phones and etc. Two, it can attract the potential clients, especially the young generation. For this part, the online media develops with a high speed in last decade. It obtains numbers of outstanding advantages. There are two main of them, one is generally low cost than ads on traditional media. Another one is more widely audience range it can reach. As the consequence of those, lots of firms want to spent more budgets on digital space. Meanwhile, it proves this digital space definitely is a more and more huge market in future. The WRSX Group have supplier relationship in various offices, so that, they are able to offer their clients the digital services. There are some methods to developing this business. One is developing itself capability for digital space, or otherwise relying on external providers to deliver this service to WRSX clients. However, the suitable way for WRSX Group is combine two of them. Due to the WRSX is not named by the top agency in the world. Not so strong capability to developing it individually. So, this could be the most suitable way for WRSX to do this field business. So it is better for the WRSX Group to explore the advertising of digital media or new media field. At the end, balance the short-term (three-year plan, etc.) a nd the long-term achievements (mission, company objectives, etc.) of the WRSX Group should be done. Conclusion After studying this strategic management module which is â€Å"understanding the strategic position of organizations, strategic choices for the future and turning strategies into action† (Johnson and Scholes, 2002), based on the WRSX Group case study. Learn a lot, for example, some classic strategy tools – PESTEL, Five Forces, SWOT etc. I am clear about what is the aims and objective of those tools (PESTEL, firm’s macro environment. Five Forces, the industry analyzing. SWOT, analyzing the internal environment); which elements are involved in those tools (PESTEL, policies, economic, society, technological, environment, legal. Five Forces, entry barrier, industry competitors, substation competition, buyer power, supplier buyer. SWOT, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats); what is the function of each element in those tools. Another is, I learn about the strategy has different levels; two basic levels are corporate level and business level. In another aspec t, this is a group work study. So that, I have learn lots of technology about team work capability. Taking the right actions when group members encounter disagreements in meeting or seminar could be better. I learned use logical method to finding out the right actions. Well communication ability is necessary for me in the future. All in all, after this semester study, I have practiced and enhanced personal communication skills, while learned knowledge of strategic management. Reference David, Fred R, (1995) Strategic Management , Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Ghemawat, P. (2008) Strategy And The Business Landscope, Beijing: Peking University Press Johnson, G, Scholes, K, (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, Prentice Hall, Johnson, G, Scholes, K, Whittington, R (2009) Fundamentals of Strategy, Prentice Hall, How to cite Strategic Analysis of WRSX Group, Essay examples

A.P. English

A.P. English- George Orwell Critizism Essay George Orwell uses the example of Mohandas Gandhi to attempt to make an argument on why human beings should avoid sainthood and just accept â€Å"imperfection†, because when it comes down to it, every human being is imperfect. Orwell develops his own position on this theory through an open minded tone; this is a very smart move on his part because this draws the reader in and makes them want to consider what he has to say because he is isn’t completely denying Gandhi’s point of view all the supporters of Gandhi are willing to listen to him. While Orwell is criticizing Gandhi some of the details he includes about him aren’t necessarily fair, he proceeds to state the more inhumane things Gandhi has done in his life, when he should also be taking into consideration the wide collection of amazing things Gandhi has done for society, and it is these things that give him a life of â€Å"sainthood†. However, some of the points that Orwell makes help his own position on the topic develop. He now has sufficient proof that along with sainthood comes sacrifices. Gandhi was willing to let his wife or children die rather than administer the animal based food prescribed by the doctor (14-16), some people may see this as strongly adhering to one’s beliefs but Orwell see’s this act as being inhumane. Orwell also seems to believe that the essence of being human is to accept imperfection and not seek to achieve it (28-29), Gandhi clearly seemed to seek perfection in his life and this is why he is classified as the â€Å"saint† that people all around the world recognize him as today, however, for most human beings, sainthood is something that most cannot handle. Human beings are a species that are trained to have emotions towards each other, even the most basic of emotions, which has been felt since the beginning of life, love†¦ with love comes the attachment to other human beings, and this in essence develops relationships and a dependency upon others that Orwell feels is being â€Å"imperfect†. This imperfection comes from a person’s compromised ability to do â€Å"the right thing† when it comes to people that they love. This is why there are not more Gandhi’s in the world, because it takes a special dedication to be able to put aside all of the innate emotions and actions of a human being. This special dedication often leads to a person being classified as â€Å"inhumane† because of the fact that they will not break their morals for another person. This is the precise reason that sainthood should be avoided by human beings. Orwell very effectively develops his position on sainthood through the details that he expresses about the life of Gandhi and the things that Gandhi has said such as â€Å"close friendships are dangerous† (1). Orwell makes sure to stress the point that the establishment of sainthood should be avoided by all human beings. However, in addition to making this point, there are things that Orwell says about sainthood that should be considered by human beings such as the avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, and so forth (36-37). Even though this is a good quality the saints have, and many human beings should strive for this as well, it is virtually impossible to achieve complete sainthood. Human beings including Orwell should accept being imperfect, because imperfection simply is human nature.

Workplace Communication And Challenges †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Workplace Communication And Challenges. Answer: Introduction The process in which the information is exchanged in an organization is termed as workplace communication. It could be both verbal and non-verbal. Sharing information may take place within as well as outside of an organization for commercial benefits to serve (Bull Brown, 2012). An organization consisted of diverse employees from different language group and cultural background has necessity to communicate in a way that both the sender and the receiver are able to understand the meaning of a massage, thus able to fulfill the companys objective. The effective workplace communication ensures this (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). Communication challenges may occur in a workplace when there are some barriers for effective communication (Modaff, Butler DeWine, 2016). In a multinational organization of manufacturer and distributor of agricultural equipments, has eight thousand employees in total and operates in various counties of the world is facing number of communication challenges. However, it has both local and international clients. The communication challenges include lack of timely communication, communication breakdown from top management to stuffs and vice-versa, ineffective communication due to local languages and cross-cultural issues, limited development in digital literacy. The purpose of this report is to investigate the above-mentioned challenges faced by this multinational company in the context of workplace communication and develop strategies to overcome such barriers, aiming on the strategies developed by other organizations to face similar challenges and improve workplace communication. This report will be presented to the manager of the company and helpful for developing an effective communication system at all level within the organization. Discussion: communication on time Efficient communication on time from the managers to staffs and clients in a workplace helps to increase the productivity of the organization. It influences directly the behavioral patterns of the staffs and clients and in return, the overall benefits of the organization will be increased (Williams, 2013). Efficient communication does not only include the clear instruction or proper explanation of the massage. Rather, if the massage is not delivered on time, the issue will directly reflect on the cooperative systems of the organization. In fact, it could create mess and inefficient productivity rate. Any organization works well with employees in a structure of mutual relation and cooperation. The information not only should pass through genuinely to all its employees, but it should be sent and received on time. The manager of any organization should take responsibility to deliver it in the hierarchical order and observe weather it has been delivered on time (Robles, 2012). Due to lack of on time communication to all its stuffs and clients in the organization of agricultural equipments manufacturer and distributor, the organization is facing communication challenges. This organization has local and international clients and various offices in different parts of the world. However, the information in this case, should be delivered when exact time has arrived as different parts of the world bears different time zones. For example, it has offices in both India and Australia. India is four hours and thirty minutes behind Australia. However, the information delivery time in this case automatically will be different. The leaders or managers of the organization should consider precise timely communication at all level in the organization. Otherwise, if the employees and clients do not get information, where and when they need it; the decision-making procedure will be slowing down. It will directly affect the productivity of the organization, as projects will n ot be completed on time due to delay of information provided. Successful organizations have challenged this problem by providing clear, honest and timely communication to all its stuffs and clients, keeping in mind the time zones and location (ARVANITIS SAKELLARIOU, 2014). Even, the managers should ensure that if an employee is not present in the place and time of delivery, he is getting the massage later. In this situation, the information should always be available to all their employees and clients through emails (Cummings Worley, 2014). The multinational company in the case study should take strategies like what other successful organization have taken to overcome such problem. It is suggested to connect with all the stuffs and clients by emails all the time and management should strict about timely delivery of information. Communication breakdown from top management to staffs and vice-versa Effective and clear communication with the employees from top management and vice-versa is one of the most important things that engage employees and management to work together for higher production. This is a part of internal workforce communication system in an organization (Lockwood, 2015). The more the rate of internal communication is higher, the more productivity is obtaining (Alexander, 2013). In situation when the information is not received given by top management system to all its employees and top management also not in a position of getting the feedback of the information given by the employees can be described as a horrible situation of communication breakdown in an organization. However, it is the responsibility of the management department to check whether the information is clearly reached with accuracy (Blyton et al., 2017). Any changes in plan or idea taken by the management should be communicated to all its employees and provided with upward communication system w here employees have opportunities to share their thoughts to the management. The good leaders in organizations plan for both ways communication that is effective in nature (Eunson, 2012). High-performing multinational companies like Philips used some strategies to overcome internal communication breakdown. The leaders in the company always use simple languages clearly and avoid ambiguous words. The management should ensure that the massage is understood with the same intention the speaker is indented for. It could be done by asking questions or active listening. Another way to overcome communication breakdown is keeping the organizational structure as simple as possible (Blyton et al., 2017). The optimum level of number of hierarchies in an organization, the less the number of communication breakdown occurs. The managers also should select proper medium of communication. Simple information should be given orally otherwise, memos, notice, emails or other written means of communication could be used. Internal communication from management to employees and vice-versa in top ranking companies helps to both parties to understand its business, its culture and values, progre ss towards the goals and the way in which employees can improve their performances. The multinational company in the case study is facing problems related to internal communication breakdown. It is suggested to the leaders to use simple and clear languages in case of communication and they have to sure about a fact that the meaning of the massage is communicated precisely and timely. Getting feedbacks from clients Feedback is the basic and spontaneous response of the receiver. It informs the sender about how the communication is accepted. Feedback from clients about a product is taken as valuable information as important decisions in the organization could take place based upon feedback. Effective feedback helps the giver, receiver and the organization (Quintanilla Wahl 2015). In this case study, communication challenges occur for receiving feedbacks from clients regarding improvement in product quality and service delivery. The clients are local and international and their feedback plays an important role to ensure improvement. Their valuable outcomes about a product contribute in making the most important decisions and changes within an organization. Due to diversification in clients, it is important to understand the communication languages the clients are delivering (Blyton et al., 2017). Email could be the best method of receiving feedback in this scenario. It is suggested to improve the technological structure and routes of the company for getting feedback at right time. Top-ranking multinational companies impose great importance about clients feedback. They maintain a kind of open communication system where the organization is selling the product and in response, the clients are giving feedbacks about the product. It is the responsibility of the company to provide a clear system of open communication to ensure the clients feedback is received on time (Modaff, Butler DeWine, 2016). The feedback about the product quality and service delivery of an organization plays a crucial role to ensure improvement and progression of that organization. The organization with lack of this facility has chance to lose its important clients and clients will be offensive as they are unable to communicate what they want. Communication barrier due to local languages In an organization, employees come from different language group. Not every employee in the organization can be comfortable about what the other person is saying in native languages (Tenzer, Pudelko Harzing, 2014). Language can be acted as a barrier in effective communication in an organization. In this case, as the organization consisted of almost eight thousand employees in five countries worldwide including India, Nigeria, Oman the language difference exists within the organization. However, as the different countries have different languages it is the responsibility of the management to provide instructions according to the specific languages of a country (Rana, 2013). The top ranking companies use different strategies to overcome language barriers within the organization. It is not even always possible to provide trainings to overcome language barriers to the local employees. It is the responsibility of the manager to determine whether the language differences will be accommodated in a workplace or not rather, it is a common problem in an multicultural organization to have employees of different languages group (Klitmller Lauring, 2013). The company could do number of things for the employees who are not interested to pick up dominant languages in the workplace. The managers could translate all the relevant documents into a language of the employee (Jandt, 2012). The manager could use interpreter when he gives instruction or receives feedback. Even some of the company provides basic language classes to their employees to fulfill their business requirement. Sometimes companies use strategies such as providing crash course to all its employees in the primary language of the workplace. The managers try to use simple words with less syllable and repetition method in the communication in a diversified working culture (Barner-Rasmussen et al., 2014). It is suggested to the company portrayed in the case study to follow any one or two strategies like, translation and interpretation or training method to overcome local language barriers in the workplace. The managers of this company should be sure about the understanding is correct what the employees have after any method of communication. The managers could ask for the demonstration from its employees ensuring the communication occurred effectively. Cross-cultural issues In an organization, employees work from different cultural background and shares different values and believe within the organization. The organization holds them together in spite of diversity in culture. However, this cultural diversity could work as a barrier in effective communication in workplace. The problem occurs in case of massage transmission in a diversified cultural workplace (Moran, Abramson Moran, 2014). When the values and believes of a employee can be coordinated with the similar value system of another there is absolutely no problem. When there is a difference in cultural systems, the meaning and interpretation of the massage could be different as different cultures carry different expectation for behavior (Kawar, 2012). Cultural barriers could be resolved by developing cultural sensitivity in an organization, careful encoding and decoding of massages and building relationships among employees of different culture (Deresky, 2017). Top organization such as MacDonald adapts co-cultural theory to erase the cultural barriers. In this theory, communication involves the different people of diverse group with difference in color, gender, sexual orientation and sexual abilities. Mark P. Orbe developed this theory, which is now followed by different multinational organizations. It seems that with the help of this strategy, different cultural groups are able to communicate with each other effectively and efficiently (Conrad, 2014). In this multinational company, as the cultural barrier exists in different level such as intercultural or external barrier, it is recommended to remove such barriers ensuring all the information is transmitted thoroughly and clearly in all the members and clients of the organization (Patrick Kumar, 2012). The organization has clients from different parts of the world and share different cultural views. However, if the company accepts the co-cultural theory model, accommodating all the culturally diversified members of the organization under a securing umbrella provided by the organization the barriers could be removed. Low accessibility of digital and social media In modern technological world, digital and social media could be used as a tool to facilitate the communication within the workplace (Leonardi, Huysman Steinfield, 2013). Digital media includes email, blogs, quick delivery massage system and social media incorporates different social media sites such as twitter, facebook and even instagram (Bucher, Fieseler Suphan, 2013). Using digital platform helps to send massage as quick as possible but the responsibility of the company does not end in sending the massage. It is also the part of responsibility of the company to ensure whether the data has been received and understood properly (Williams et al., 2012). The organization in the case study is facing challenges regarding low literacy rate in digital media in some countries. The company is also looking for the ways in which social media platform could be incorporated to overcome communication challenges. As the company has different branches in different countries and the digital media literacy rate varies from country to country, it is suggested to train the employees, which are less known about digital media. The training program could help the employees to learn new and modern things as well as it would contribute to the nation. The training program could be based on basic of computer training and internet using (Chaffey Ellis-Chadwick, 2012). The social media is as important part of communication even with an organization (Couldry, 2012). Overcoming the barriers in social media communication, employees knowledgeable of digital media marketing could be engaged. Top-ranking companies use social media plat form to communicate with diverse clients around the world. They have employees who are accustomed in social media marketing (Varnelis, 2012). Conclusion: It can be concluded by analyzing different types of communication barriers in a company that if communication problem occurs at any level within the organization, it will decrease the productivity rate of that organization. In effect to that, the overall business goal and profits will be diminished. It is suggested to improve the communication system in an organization and remove the barriers as soon as possible. In the above-mentioned case study, the multinational organization is facing various types of communication challenges, which include internal, external, local language, cultural and social media communication. The challenges should be removed bench marking the similar challenges faced by other top-ranking companies. It is recommended to follow those examples and way outs of the top-ranking company, which are successful in removing communication challenges. The recommendation also includes the removal of any types of communication challenges in this multinational company. The managers as well as the leaders of this company should be careful and aware about the communication barriers and the ways in which it could be removed. References Alexander, K. (Ed.). (2013).Facilities management: theory and practice. Routledge. Arvanitis, E., Sakellariou, M. (2014). Pedagogy and Curriculum. Barner-Rasmussen, W., Ehrnrooth, M., Koveshnikov, A., Mkel, K. (2014). Cultural and language skills as resources for boundary spanning within the MNC.Journal of International Business Studies,45(7), 886-905. Blyton, P., Hassard, J., Hill, S., Starkey, K. (2017).Time, work and organization. Taylor Francis. Bull, M., Brown, T. (2012). Change communication: the impact on satisfaction with alternative workplace strategies.Facilities,30(3/4), 135-151. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2012). Digital marketing. Pearson Higher Ed. Conrad, D. (2014). Workplace communication problems: Inquiries by employees and applicable solutions. Journal of business studies quarterly, 5(4), 105. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Deresky, H. (2017).International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Eunson, B. (2012). Communication in the Workplace. John Wiley Sons. Jandt, F. E. (2012).An introduction to intercultural communication: Identities in a global community. Sage Publications. Kawar, T. I. (2012). Cross-cultural differences in management.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(6). Klitmller, A., Lauring, J. (2013). When global virtual teams share knowledge: Media richness, cultural difference and language commonality.Journal of World Business,48(3), 398-406. Leonardi, P. M., Huysman, M., Steinfield, C. (2013). Enterprise social media: Definition, history, and prospects for the study of social technologies in organizations. Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication, 19(1), 1-19. Lockwood, J. (2015). Virtual team management: what is causing communication breakdown?.Language and Intercultural Communication,15(1), 125-140. Modaff, D. P., Butler, J. A., DeWine, S. A. (2016). Organizational communication: Foundations, challenges, and misunderstandings. Pearson. Modaff, D. P., Butler, J. A., DeWine, S. A. (2016).Organizational communication: Foundations, challenges, and misunderstandings. Pearson. Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., Moran, S. V. (2014).Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Patrick, H. A., Kumar, V. R. (2012). Managing workplace diversity: Issues and challenges. Sage Open, 2(2), 2158244012444615. Quintanilla, K. M., Wahl, S. T. (2015). Business and professional communication: Keys for workplace excellence. Sage Publications. Rana, R. (2013). Effective Communication in a Diverse Workplace. Robles, M. M. (2012). Executive perceptions of the top 10 soft skills needed in todays workplace. Business Communication Quarterly, 75(4), 453-465. Tenzer, H., Pudelko, M., Harzing, A. W. (2014). The impact of language barriers on trust formation in multinational teams.Journal of International Business Studies,45(5), 508-535. Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., Seeger, M. W. (2013).Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications. Williams, C. (2013). Principles of management. South-Western Cengage Learning.

Pepsi Marketing Mix Essays - Patent Medicines, Pepsi,

Pepsi Marketing Mix Contributing to this industrial revolution among other industries were Manufacturing, Agricultural, Automotive, Chemical, Hotel, Banking Business Services, Real estate, Tourism and information Technology to name a few. But on such industry that has been holding onto its share of the market since its inception note in the USA - its birthplace - but all across the globe as well as the Beverage Industry. It has introduced icons that very few are oblivious to. The industry and its role in the Pakistan economy, the conditions under which it is working and the effects it has on the consumers is to remain the concern of this study. According to Richard D. Brown and George J. Petrol (1986), the history of the Beverages industry start from 1886, when Atlanta chemist "Doe" Pemberton developed a reddish - brown syrup with a smidgen of cocaine (for medicinal purposes) to compete with the many patent medicines and cure - all elixirs of that time. His company recommended it for the relief of hangovers headaches, menstrual pains, and a host of other problem. One warm summer day Pemberton took some syrup down to will is venerable at Jacob's Drug Store in Atlanta. An ounce of the mixture was put into a glass, which was then filled with water and ice, creating the first Coca-Cola. The headquarters of Coca-Cola, now listed by fortune as one of the 50 top corporations in the United States, is still in Atlanta, Georgia. The actual sale and distribution of that magic elixir - which, needless to say, on longer contains cocaine - is handled largely by a number of independent bottlers. These bottlers buy syrup, mix it with carbonated water, and distribute it to retailers in their area. The number of retailers who sell Coke to the public almost exceeds counting. In this way a company with a magic formula but limited capital spread its name around the country and eventually around the globe. The organizational formula for merchandising apparently also had a bit of magic. But, of course, the product was one that people wanted, which is perhaps the first law of success in marketing. Coke had been successful in establishing a strong loyal consumer force, on whom it still relies to this very day. Dong business was no sweat once the industry had set itself for good and the consumer's tasted veered. Everything seemed to go smooth enough until hell finally broke loose. Trouble started creeping into the very foundations of coke who stated loosing a major share of its market. Thanks to Pepsi. With virtually the same history Pepsi started gaining ground and proved to be an excellent example of how razzle-dazzle advertising sharp marketing and an efficient distribution system can turn a loser in to a winner in a remarkably short period of time. Pakistan today has a very competitive beverages market. Opportunities for this industry to establish itself firmly in this country were grim at first because of the country's low per capita income and because of the business' status depending on consumer impetus. But much of it was more or less the same when the business took a start in the USA as well. The Beverage industry has undergone a revolutionary change during the last couple of decades. The form of processing and the machinery used these days has developed and is very sophisticated. Automatic and computerized plants have been installed in the industry thus making it an industry which is dealing in million of gallons of beverages yearly. Pakistan Beverages, the bottlers for Pepsi, and Coke bottlers National Beverages claim that their primary goal is not to undermine the competition but to expand the market as a whole. Market expansion, in fact, seems to be the buzzword these days in the beverage industry. Analysts believe the potential market in Pakistan is though to be enormous because the country's per capita consumption is as low as 14 bottles per year. Compare this with a 120 bottles per year in the Philippines, and the scope for expansion becomes more than obvious. HISTORY OF PEPSI COLA It starts with a small drug store in North Carolina. This little store belonged to young chemist by the name of "DOC" BROADHAM. He invented a drink that the customers called BROAD'S drink. In 1903, Bradham got its drink registered formally by the name of PEPSI COLA. He set his own company and kept its sales improving gradually. By 1909, more then 250 bottlers in different American states had been allowed to sell under the PEPSI COLA license. PEPSI

Attachment Theory

Attachment Theory Introduction This paper reports on the attachment theory and how life experience affects one’s emotional attachment to others. Attachment theory advanced by John Bowlby in the early 1950s, seeks to explain how early life relations affects an individual’s emotional bonding in future Hutchison (89). Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Attachment Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The theory gives an understanding of the different personalities as relates to emotional relationships. The theory was first focused on the relationship between children and their parents, but was later expanded to look at the whole lifespan. The theory looks at ones attachment as being influenced by both psychological conditions and the social environment. The Attachment Theory and Life Experiences According to the proponents of the attachment theory, children develop a bond with their caregivers, which grow into an emotional bond. Further research on the theory indicates that life experiences in childhood direct the course of one’s personality as well as the social and emotional development throughout his or her life. Besides the explanation advanced by the theory regarding the connection between a baby and its mother or a care giver, the theory also seeks to explain the attachment between adults Hutchison (43). Among adults, an emotional attachment is felt more especially during bereavement or separation of spouses. Babies are born without the ability to move or feed themselves. They depend on care givers to for these needs; they however have pre-programmed set of behavior that comes into action due to the environmental stimuli. Environmental stimuli may trigger a sense of fear or distress in the baby making it cry for help from the mother or the care giver. The protection or comfort offered to the baby makes it develop a stronger emotional bond with the mother and others who are closer to it. Children grow to relate comfort from distress to the people who are close to them during their early stages of development. The nature of the environment a child grows in, together with the â€Å"psychological framework builds up a child’s internal working model† Hutchison (52). The internal working model comprises of the development of expectations that an individual perceives in social interactions. The theory explains the effect of challenging parenting such as; neglect or abuse. Parents and caregivers should endeavor to develop an environment that makes children feel secure and comfortable. Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The type of relationship parents establish with their children at their early stages of development determines the type of emotional attachment a child develops with them. A child who grows up in a loving and sensitive environment deve lops secure relationships in with others. Such a child grows to recognize others as being caring, loving and reliable. They also develop high self esteem and learn to deal with negative feelings. Research indicates that people who grow up in secure attachment relationships are able to demonstrate good social aptitude throughout their life. On the contrary, children brought up in unsecure environment develop an avoidant attachment. An unsecure environment to children is often characterized by fear, anxiety and rejection. This type of environment makes a child make children to downplay their emotional feelings. There is a group of children who grow up with care givers that are not consistent in responding to their emotional needs. Their care givers are sometimes sensitive, and sometimes insensitive to their feelings. Such children develop â€Å"an attachment seeking habit as they try to conquer the insensitivity of their caregivers† Hutchison (34). This sort of behavior by c hildren is referred to as ambivalent attachment, where the children seek to compensate for the inconsistent responsiveness by the caregiver. Such a child tries to manage other people’s attention through behavior sets such as; seduction, bullying rage and necessity. Hutchison, Elizabeth. Dimensions of human behavior: The changing life course. 4th Ed. Thousand oaks, CA: Sage publications, 2011. Print

Art Review - A Voluptuary Under the Horrors of Digestion essays

Art Review - A Voluptuary Under the Horrors of Digestion essays Art is subjective; everyone has different opinions on what constitutes a masterpiece. Some may find Van Gogh's "Starry Night" to be the epitome of a great artistic creation, while others may appreciate the innovative style of Picasso's "Guernica." No matter whether a person views art as garbage or as the holy grail, the purpose of art is to force people to become contemplative. Artists can bring out of people that which cannot be easily seen or felt. They can cause the observer to think about other people and their emotions, their environment, and the social issues that have arisen in the world. The most enduring issue of civilization is the unequal balance of power between the wealthy and the impoverished. The painting "A Voluptuary Under the Horrors of Digestion" serves as a satire on the upper class, displaying the contrast between French and British artists, exposing the faults of the nobility, and twisting public perception of the nobility. The greatest obstacle to art was censorship. The catastrophic nature of the French Revolution led to a wide-scale censorship of literature, art, and of the press in France. As another monarchist nation, Great Britain should have feared that the rebel attitude across the water would spread to its people. Despite their proximity to the French Revolution, the British maintained a system of free speech and free press. As a result, artists were free to say whatever they wanted in their works because there were no repercussions to fear. The artist behind "A Voluptuary Under the Horrors of Digestion" was clearly making a statement about the appalling nature of greedy nobles yet because of freedom of the press he is able to openly mock the nobility, showing the confidence of Britain as a nation. Faced with no restrictions to his work, the artist of the painting depicted a noble in an appalling manner. Earlier in history, the noble's portliness would have marked him as fashionable and of high soci...

Battle of Port Hudson - Civil War Battle of Port Hudson

Battle of Port Hudson - Civil War Battle of Port Hudson The Battle of Port Hudson lasted from May 22 to July 9, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and saw Union troops final take control of the entirety of the Mississippi River. Having captured New Orleans and Memphis in early 1862, Union forces sought to open the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two. In an effort to prevent this from occurring, Confederate troops fortified key locations at Vicksburg, MS and Port Hudson, LA. The capture of Vicksburg was tasked to Major General Ulysses S. Grant. Having already won victories at Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, and Shiloh, he began operations against Vicksburg in late 1862. A New Commander As Grant commenced his campaign against Vicksburg, the capture of Port Hudson was assigned to Major General Nathaniel Banks. The commander of the Department of the Gulf, Banks had taken command at New Orleans in December 1862 when he relieved Major General Benjamin Butler. Advancing in May 1863 in support of Grants effort, his principal command was the large Union XIX Corps. This was comprised of four divisions led by Brigadier General Cuvier Grover, Brigadier General W. H. Emory, Major General C. C. Augur, and Brigadier General Thomas W. Sherman. Port Hudson Prepares The idea for fortifying Port Hudson came from General P.G.T. Beauregard in early 1862. Assessing defenses along the Mississippi, he felt that the towns commanding heights which overlooked a hairpin turn in the river provided the ideal location for batteries. Additionally, the broken terrain outside of Port Hudson, which contained ravines, swamps, and woods, helped make the town extremely defensible. Design of Port Hudsons defenses was overseen by  Captain James Nocquet who served on the staff of Major General John C. Breckinridge. Construction was initially directed by Brigadier General Daniel Ruggles and continued by Brigadier General William Nelson Rector Beall. Work pressed on through the year though delays ensued as Port Hudson had no rail access. On December 27, Major General Franklin Gardner arrived to take command of the garrison. He quickly worked to enhance the fortifications and constructed roads to facilitate troop movement. Gardners efforts first paid dividends in March 1863 when the majority of Rear Admiral David G. Farraguts squadron was prevented from passing Port Hudson. In the fighting, USS Mississippi (10 guns) was lost.   Armies Commanders Union Major General Nathaniel Banks30,000 to 40,000 men Confederate Major General Franklin Gardneraround 7,500 men Initial Moves In approaching Port Hudson, Banks dispatched three divisions west with the goal of descending the Red River and cutting off the garrison from the north. To support this effort, two additional divisions would approach from the south and east. Landing at Bayou Sara on May 21, Augur advanced toward the junction of the Plains Store and Bayou Sara Roads. Encountering Confederate forces under Colonels Frank W. Powers and William R. Miles, Augur and Union cavalry led by Brigadier General Benjamin Grierson engaged. In the resulting Battle of Plains Store, Union troops succeeded in driving the enemy back to Port Hudson. Banks Attacks Landing on May 22, Banks and other elements from his command quickly advanced against Port Hudson and effectively had surrounded the town by that evening. Opposing Banks Army of the Gulf were around 7,500 men led by Major General Franklin Gardner. These were deployed in the extensive set of fortifications that ran for four and half miles around Port Hudson. On the night of May 26, Banks held a council of war to discuss an attack for the following day. Moving forward the next day, Union forces advanced over difficult terrain towards the Confederate lines. Beginning around dawn, Union guns opened on Gardners lines with additional fire coming from US Navy warships in the river. Through the day, Banks men conducted a series of uncoordinated assaults against the Confederate perimeter. These failed and his command sustained heavy losses. The fighting on May 27 saw the first combat for several African-American regiments in Banks army. Among those killed was Captain Andre Cailloux, a freed slave, who was serving with the 1st Louisiana Native Guards. Fighting continued until nightfall when efforts were made to retrieve the wounded. A Second Attempt The Confederate guns briefly opened fire the next morning until Banks raised a flag of truce and asked permission to remove his wounded from the field. This was granted and fighting resumed around 7:00 PM. Convinced that Port Hudson could only be taken by siege, Banks began constructing works around the Confederate lines. Digging through the first two weeks of June, his men slowly pushed their lines closer to the enemy tightening the ring around the city. Emplacing heavy guns, Union forces began a systematic bombardment of Gardners position. Seeking to end the siege, Banks began planning for another assault. On June 13, the Union guns opened with a heavy bombardment which was supported by Farraguts ships in the river. The next day, after Gardner refused a demand to surrender, Banks ordered his men forward. The Union plan called for troops under Grover to attack on the right, while Brigadier General William Dwight assaulted on the left. In both cases, the Union advance was repulsed with heavy losses. Two days later, Banks called for volunteers for a third assault, but was unable to obtain sufficient numbers. The Siege Continues After June 16, fighting around Port Hudson quieted as both sides worked to improve their lines and informal truces occurred between the opposing enlisted men. As time passed, Gardners supply situation became increasingly desperate. Union forces continued to slowly move their lines forward and sharpshooters fired on the unwary. In an effort to break the deadlock, Dwights engineering officer, Captain Joseph Bailey, oversaw the construction of a mine under a hill known as the Citadel. Another was begun on Grovers front extending under Priest Cap. The latter mine was completed on July 7 and it was filled with 1,200 pounds of black powder. With construction of the mines finished, it was Banks intention to detonate them on July 9. With the Confederate lines in a shambles, his men were to make another assault. This proved unnecessary as news reached his headquarters on July 7 that Vicksburg had surrendered three days earlier. With this change in the strategic situation, as well as with his supplies nearly exhausted and no hope of relief, Gardner dispatched a delegation to discuss Port Hudsons surrender the next day. An agreement was reached that afternoon and the garrison formally surrendered on July 9. Aftermath During the Siege of Port Hudson, Banks suffered around 5,000 killed and wounded while Gardners command incurred 7,208 (approx. 6,500 captured). The victory at Port Hudson opened the entire length of the Mississippi River to Union traffic and severed the western states of the Confederacy. With the capture of the Mississippi complete, Grant turned his focus east later that year to deal with the fallout from the defeat at Chickamauga. Arriving at Chattanooga, he succeeded in driving off Confederate forces that November at the Battle of Chattanooga.

25 Idiomatic Phrases That Include Single Initials

25 Idiomatic Phrases That Include Single Initials 25 Idiomatic Phrases That Include Single Initials 25 Idiomatic Phrases That Include Single Initials By Mark Nichol An initial letter, almost invariably capitalized, is often the first element in a two-word noun compound that constitutes an idiom. (Use of a connecting hyphen varies, and various sources may include or omit a hyphen.) Often, the letter stands for a word; occasionally, letters are used to assign priority (A and B, for example) or represent a shape. Here are common terms representing this form. 1. A side: a song released on a 45 rpm record, intended to become a hit single (see also â€Å"B side†) 2. A-bomb: a nuclear explosive device, from â€Å"atomic bomb† 3. A Level: a qualification for secondary school graduation originating in the United Kingdom and existing in other countries; the initial stands for advanced 4. A-game: used in the phrase â€Å"bring (one’s) A-game† to describe an A-player 5. A-player: an athlete- or, by extension, anyone else- who performs at a high level 6. B movie: originally, a low-budget movie that, with a more well-financed, well-publicized film, constitutes a double feature (a presentation of two movies at a movie theater); now, any low-budget commercial film 7. B side: originally, a song released on the flip side of a 45 rpm record opposite an intended hit single; such songs, either ones considered less likely to be popular or alternative versions of the A-side song, sometimes became hit singles in their own right (the term is now used to refer to a bonus track on a recording) 8. B-roll: supplemental film or video footage 9. C-section: a surgical incision to deliver a baby, from â€Å"caesarean section† 10. C-suite: collectively, the positions in a corporation constituting the highest level of management, from the first letter in the initials for â€Å"chief executive officer,† â€Å"chief operations officer,† â€Å"chief finance officer,† and so on 11. e-mail: a message delivered online from a digital device and accessed on another device, from â€Å"electronic mail† (recently supplanted by email in the Associated Press Style Book; formerly, E-mail); similar terms include e-business, e-commerce, and e-newsletter 12. F-hole: A sound hole in the surface of some stringed instruments, named for its shape (a stylized italic f); similar holes are designated C-holes and D-holes 13. f-stop: a value in optics of the ratio of a lens’s focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil; the letter is an abbreviation of focal (alternative terms include f-ratio) 14. F-word: a euphemism for a specific form of profanity that begins with the letter f; the â€Å"[letter]-word† form is also used to refer to any serious or jocular vocabulary evasion, as in The L Word, the title of a television series about lesbians and bisexual women (similarly, some offensive terms that consist of compound words are disguised by eliding all but the first letter of the first element of the word and inserting a hyphen, as in a-hole) 15. G rated: a designation that represents evaluation of the content of a movie by the Motion Picture Association of America on the basis of its suitability for children; by extension, the phrase refers to family-friendly content or an inoffensive conversation or situation (associated terms are â€Å"R rated,† to refer to violent or sexually charged content and â€Å"X rated,† denoting obscene or sexually explicit content) 16. G-string: a garment, a type of thong, worn as underwear or in striptease, alternatively said to derive from girdle or groin; a similar item is called a V-string 17. H bomb: a nuclear explosive device, from â€Å"hydrogen bomb† 18. J-school: a journalism department or school at a university, from â€Å"journalism school† 19: O Level: a qualification for secondary school graduation originating but no longer widely used in the United Kingdom but extant in other countries; the initial stands for ordinary (the term in Scotland was â€Å"O Grade†) 20. S curve: a term used in engineering and mathematics to represent a function, or a term in fine art for a sinuous body position 21. T-bone: a cut of steak with a cross section of a bone that is shaped like the letter T 22. V-neck: a V-shaped cut in the neckline of a shirt or other garment 23. X-axis: a horizontal line in two-dimensional space, often used in charts and graphs 24. X-ray: a form of electromagnetic radiation 25. Y-axis: a vertical line in two-dimensional space, often used in charts and graphs Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withHow to Pronounce MobileJanuary 1 Doesn't Need an "st"

Change Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Change Experience - Essay Example People are always ready to resist change as an effort to retain their well-known methods of operations. Resistance to change was the main challenge of the new information system in the pharmaceutical marketing. People offered both intentional and unintentional resistance to the new operating system in their operations. Intentional resistance involved avoiding using the system intentionally. This meant that people adopted the traditional method to obtain information about a certain product. In such cases, people were fully aware of the benefits of using the new system but they opted to bypass it. In the unintentional resistance, people developed a negative attitude toward the new system. The negative attitude was developed from consideration of the cost and the efficiency of the new system. Although the conventional method of prescription is efficient and fast it lacks accuracy. The new system, on the other hand, enhances accuracy but it is time-consuming and hence inefficient (Rokeac h, 1973). Learning new ideas is always a challenge to many people and, this had an effect on the new system. Although the system is user-friendly, most people working with the system were incompetent and, this contributed to their resistance. Having been trained using the traditional operation system meant that the new system was a challenge to both my career and industrial operation. Throughout our training, we had been taught how to have as much information as possible concerning a certain pharmaceutical product.... Learning new ideas is always a challenge to many people and, this had an effect with the new system. Although the system is user friendly, most people working with the system were incompetent and, this contributed to their resistance. Having been trained using the traditional operation system meant that the new system was a challenge to both my career and industrial operation. Throughout our training, we had been taught how to have as much information as possible concerning a certain pharmaceutical product (Borkowski, 2005). This meant that we had used all our resources, time learning, and memorizing information about pharmaceutical product. When I first encountered the new information system, I felt betrayed. This is because I considered my education system as a waste of time and resources. I considered the new system as nullification of our education and experience in the pharmaceutical industry. I also felt betrayed since any ordinary person could use the new information system to perform a similar task as that performed by a trained pharmacist. Revolutions resulting from adopting technology in various firms and industry are inevitable. This indicates that learning or adopting new technology is the best method of enhancing sustainability in the modern business world (Funigiello, 2005). This awareness challenged me to learn how to use the new information system. Despite the challenges and feelings of betrayal, I had to learn how to use the new information system in order to save my profession. Learning how to use the system involved substituting my ordinary knowledge about prescription with the working of the new system. The second action involved