Assignment Essay Example for Free

Assignment Essay Considering customer satisfaction as it applies to a university setting, what are some other areas in addition to those identified for the project that may contribute to students’ satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their education experience? The customer satisfaction survey seems to focus on academic resources only. It’s focusing on the classes, the advisors, the curriculum, and isn’t asking the students how they felt towards the school as a whole. After discussing all of the academic services and programs, they may also want to see if the students are satisfied with the environment and facilities beyond the library or computer lab. The survey should also include an area for the students to make suggestions on what would make them happier while attending this school. This would give the School of Business some suggestions on what changes could be made to make the school better. Does the current questionnaire provide information on students’ overall satisfaction with their undergraduate degree program? Explain. What revisions are necessary to this questionnaire to obtain an overall satisfaction rating? The questionnaire focuses on both undergraduate and graduate programs, but it seems to put more emphasis on graduate students. The questionnaire did provide a lot of information regarding how they felt about their classes and advisors, but it seems to be based on students who have already been attending the school for some time and have had experience with undergraduate advisors and curriculum. The questionnaire should be administered yearly in order to get a better idea of the overall satisfaction rating. They should also offer more open ended questions so that the students can provide feedback instead of just multiple questions. Can the School of Business use the results of this study to target the most important areas for improvement? Explain. Identify changes to the questionnaire that would allow the school to target areas based on importance. The School of Business can definitely use the results of this study to target the most important areas for improvement. As the results show there are several areas that the school could use improvement in. By determining what is most important will allow them to administer specific surveys or questionnaires regarding a certain issue such as the lack of advisors or not being able to register for classes. Changes they could make to the current questionnaire would be to add a space to provide your own suggestions on how to make things better. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using open-ended questions to identify the school’s strengths and weaknesses? Taking the responses in Exhibit 2, what system would you use for coding these responses? There are several advantages to using open-ended questions. Open-ended questions allow the students to share their feelings and the school will have a better idea of what they feel about certain subjects. The disadvantages of having open-ended questions are a lower response rate and it’s harder to compare their answers. It can also take much more time to go over questionnaires that offer open-ended questions instead of just close-ended ones.

Electronic Surveillance in Intelligence Services

Electronic Surveillance in Intelligence Services Overview It will be argued that the increased use of electronic surveillance is unlikely to lead to the demise of human intelligence sources, this assignment will show that the two will work together and that regulation will ensure that that they will both enhance each other. It will be suggested that these two types of surveillance will continue to work alongside each other, which each being more useful in differing circumstances and therefore electronic surveillance will not replace the need for human intelligence. Main Body In recent years a combination of developing technology, concern about confession evidence and the changing nature of, especially, financial and drug-related crime has led the police and other law enforcement agencies to adopt increasingly sophisticated and intrusive, methods of investigation. Much of this has been largely hidden from public view and unregulated. Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights by the Human Rights Act 1998 will mean that privacy can only lawfully be interfered with if it is necessary to do so, and if it is carried out in accordance with law. The common law approach that the police can do what they want as long it is not prohibited by law is no longer acceptable. The Government introduced legislation or risk exclusion of evidence and challenge in both domestic courts and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The result is the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Bill, covering the interception of communications, the power to demand communica tions data and decryption of unintelligible material, the use of covert operations and surveillance, and establishing a tribunal to deal with complaints. The scope of the warrant procedure is significantly expanded by the Bill since it will now include interceptions of private telecommunications systems, and will clearly cover the interception of mobile telephones, e-mails, and other computer communications. Under s. 26(3) of the RIPA intrusive surveillance occurs when a surveillance device is used or an individual is actually present on residential premises, or in a private vehicle, or it is carried out by such a device in relation to such premises or vehicle without being present on the premises or vehicle. Residential is defined in s. 48(1) of the RIPA as premises used as living accommodation, while premises includes movable structures and land. The definition excludes common areas of residential premises and clearly does not cover office premises (s. 48(7)(b)). Thus, covert surveillance of office premises falls within the term directed, rather than intrusive, surveillance. Section 26(3), read with s. 48(7), offers only a partial definition since it would cover all forms of covert surveillance taking place in relation to residential premises. Some forms of such surveillance can be treated as directed surveillance, as indicated below, and it is in relation to residential premises that an area of uncertainty is created as to the category into which surveillance falls. Under s. 32(3) of the RIPA authorisation of intrusive surveillance is on the grounds of the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting serious crime or of preventing disorder, in the interests of the economic well-being of the UK. Proportionality requirements are introduced under s. 32(2): the authorising person must be satisfied that the action to be taken is proportionate to what is hoped to be achieved by carrying it out. Authorisations for such surveillance are granted by the Home Secretary under s. 41 or, for police or customs officers, by senior authorising officers, who are the highest ranking police officers. There is provision for the grant of authorisations in a case of urgency by persons of equally high rank, other than the senior authorising officer. (Christie v United Kingdom 78-A DRE Com HR 119) Under s. 36, the authorisation will not take effect until it has been approved, except where it is urgent and the grounds for urgency are set out in the notice, in which case the authorisation will take effect from the time of its grant. Under s. 38 senior authorising officers can appeal to the Chief Surveillance Commissioner against decisions of ordinary Surveillance Commissioners. The Commissioners have responsibility for the destruction of material obtained by surveillance, under s. 37, but there is no requirement that material no longer needed for proceedings and no longer subject to an authorisation must be destroyed. The provisions for authorisations under ss 33, 34, 35 and 36 mirror those under the Police Act 1997, Part III in that, under s. 35, notice must be given to a Surveillance Commissioner and, under s. 36, the authorisation will not take effect until it has been approved, except where it is urgent and the grounds for urgency are set out in the notice, in which case the authorisation will take effect from the time of its grant. Under s. 38 senior authorising officers can appeal to the Chief Surveillance Commissioner against decisions of ordinary Surveillance Commissioners. The Commissioners have responsibility for the destruction of material obtained by surveillance, under s. 37, but there is no requirement that material no longer needed for proceedings and no longer subject to an authorisation must be destroyed. Under s. 43 authorisations can be granted or renewed urgently orally by senior authorising officers or in writing by persons authorised to act on their behalf in urgent cases. If , under s. 43(3)(a), an authorisation is granted or renewed by a person entitled to act only in urgent cases, or was renewed by such a person or orally, it ceases to take effect after 72 hours. Section 42 provides special rules for the intelligence services which overlap with those of s. 5 of the Intelligence Services Act 1994. Under s. 42 the security and intelligence services can undertake intrusive surveillance on grant of a warrant. The grounds are under s. 32(3). As far as intrusive surveillance is concerned, the function of the services in support of the prevention or detection of serious crime is excluded where the application is by a member of GCHQ or the SIS. Under s. 44(3) a warrant authorising intrusive surveillance issued by a senior official, and not renewed under the hand of the Secretary of State, shall cease to have effect at the end of the second working day after its issue. In the case of other warrants that point will be at the end of a period of six months from t he day of issue or renewal. As is obvious from the most cursory examination of RIPA, the distinction between intrusive and directed procedures will be significant in all cases of covert activity because the level of authorisation required and the triggering conditions differ substantially. In the case of the police cell it is crucial, yet RIPA fails to provide an explicit classification of the cell in these terms. It is particularly disappointing that Parliament failed to pre-empt challenges to such an apparently widespread police practice by providing a definitive answer to this problem. It seems bizarre that in interpreting such a recent statute expressly designed to regulate covert activity the matter turns on peripheral matters of definition. The confusion on this point in RIPA cannot be underestimated: the Court of Appeal in Mason called for urgent clarification of whether the police cell is now governed by intrusive or directed surveillance under RIPA. Although the new Code of Practice issued under s. 71 of RIPA now suggests that cell bugging is intrusive surveillance, this is such an important issue for the suspect and apparently such a commonplace police technique that it is submitted that it ought to be dealt with on the face of the statute. The use of human beings to provide information is a valuable resource for the protection of the public and the maintenance of law and order. In order that local authorities and law enforcement agencies are able to discharge their responsibilities, use is made of ‘undercover’ officers and informants. These are referred to as ‘covert human intelligence sources’ or ‘sources’ and the area of work of undercover officers and informants to whom this procedure applies will be referred to as ‘source work.’ In 1999 the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) and HM Customs and Excise published a set of Codes of Practice on Standards in Covert Law Enforcement Techniques. The Codes have no legal basis but are recognised by the police, HM Customs and Excise and the Government as providing authoritative guidelines, and these replace previous guidance issued by the Home Office. (See (www.homeoffice.gov.uk/ripa/ripact.htm).) As the accompanying Declaration on ethical standards and covert investigative techniques states, the working practices set out in the Codes seek to achieve a balance between the requirement to work within a defined framework for the safeguarding of civil liberties and the maintenance of a robust approach to the tackling of crime and criminality. In its reduced form the substance of this statement is a desire to ensure that covert techniques are fair and effective. (Murfield: 2001) Section 3 of this Code, Surveillance in or into Public Places, is of relevance to the type of operation considered here. This section is applicable to the planned deployment of covert surveillance resources against the public at large, in order to meet a particular law enforcement need, or against specified individuals in public places where no interference with property is intended. The Code goes on to provide that: Before giving authorisations for surveillance into public places where no unlawful interference with property is proposed, the authorising officer must be satisfied that the proposed surveillance is a reasonable means of achieving the desired result. Manna from heaven operations provide an opportunity to manipulate a combination of circumstances which may lead to an offence being committed. According to the widely accepted routine activity theory, offending is determined by the convergence in space and time of three factors: (i) a likely offender, (ii) a suitable target and (iii) the absence of a capable guardian. In the light of this obvious concerns arise over the planning of this type of operation as the police have varying degrees of control over all three factors. By choosing the location of the operation they have some influence over who may be exposed to the temptation offered, also over the presence of a capable guardian, and they have absolute control over the target, i.e. the type and value of the property used. The 1997 and 2000 Acts require the Chief Surveillance Commissioner to keep under review (with the assistance of the Surveillance Commissioners and Assistant Surveillance Commissioners) the performance of functions under Part III of the 1997 Act and Part II of the 2000 Act by the police (including the Royal Navy Regulating Branch, the Royal Military Police and the Royal Air Force Police and the Ministry of Defence Police and the British Transport Police), NCIS, the NCS, HMCE and of the 2000 Act the other public authorities listed in Schedule 1 and in Northern Ireland officials of the Ministry of Defence and HM Forces. The Intelligence Services Commissioners remit is to provide independent oversight of the use of the powers contained within Part II of the 2000 Act and the 1994 Act by the Security Service, Secret Intelligence Service, GCHQ and the Ministry of Defence and HM Forces (excluding the Royal Navy Regulating Branch, the Royal Military Police and the Royal Air Force Police, and in Northern Ireland officials of the Ministry of Defence. It is important to consider the effect that the human rights has on both electronic surveillance and human surveillance and its conflict with the RIPA. The substantive rights of Schedule 1 to the HRA may be said to fall into two groups. The first, which includes Article 6, covers a number of fundamental rights; they include the right to liberty under Article 5, the right to a fair hearing under Article 6(1); the presumption of innocence under Article 6(2); minimum rights applicable to everyone charged with a criminal offence under Article 6(3), including the rights to legal assistance of his own choosing and to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him. Articles 8-11 and Protocols 1 and 6 may be said to cover a more developed conception of human rights; the rights provided include the right to respect for privacy under Article 8, and rights to the freedoms o f expression, association and assembly under Articles 10 and 11. Articles 8-11 indicate a structured approach to state interference with the guarantees. To be justified, such interference must be prescribed by law, have a legitimate aim, be necessary in a democratic society and be applied in a non-discriminatory fashion (Article 14). (Uglow: 1995) The European Court of Human Rights main concern has been with the necessary in a democratic society requirement; the notion of prescribed by law has been focused upon to some extent but usually with the result that it has been found to be satisfied. (See Malone v UK (1985) 7 EHRR 14) The legitimate aim requirement will normally be readily satisfied; as Harris, OBoyle and Warbrick point out, the grounds for interference (under paragraph 2 of Articles 8-11) are so wide that the state can usually make a plausible case that it did have a good reason for interfering with the right. (Harris et al, 1995 at p290) As has been demonstrated the use of electronic surveillance is complicated and heavily regulated. However it is useful and can work alongside covert human intelligent. It is worthy of considering some of the technicalities of the two forms of surveillance. There are some difficulties with electronics such as that it may not work and it can fail. However this can also be a problem with human covert surveillance in so far as the operations can fail, and the potential defendant can fail to be present, therefore there are equal difficulties with both of these methods of surveillance. Covert Human Surveillance will still require corroboration and can prove to be unreliable. The other difficulty that is raised in relation to covert human surveillance is its interaction with the human rights act. In the case of R v Lawrence, Hope, Stapleton, Stapleton, Bravard and May (3 August 2002, CA) this was considered. This was a case of VAT fraud, involving a loss of  £ 11 million. Evidence had been obtained by a covert surveillance device or probe which had been authorised under Pt III of the Police Act 1997. The appellants submitted before the Court of Appeal that the probe was a breach of Art 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights and that the provisions in the Police Act concerning intrusive surveillance were incompatible with the Convention. Dismissing the appeal, the court held that the probe did not breach Art 8. Covert surveillance was compatible with the Convention where it was authorised by law; such authority was provided by the Police Act. The surveillance was necessary in a democratic society for the prevention of disorder or crime. It was also proportionate. Article 8(2) was therefore complied with. The Police Act 1997 has been overtaken by Pt II of RIPA, which introduces regulatory procedures for various forms of surveillance which, until now, have had no basis in statute. RIPA provides for more stringent scrutiny than the Police Act. However, as with the Police Act and Art 8, Pt II of RIPA provides for no restriction on the use of evidence so obtained. Rather, RIPA is concerned with the various forms of surveillance described in s 26. Once authorised under s 27, the s 26 surveillance will be lawful in relation to that authorisation. Sections 28, 29 and 32 require that the covert surveillance be necessary and proportionate. Therefore in conclusion it is argued that the increased use of electronic surveillance is unlikely to lead to the demise of human intelligence sources, this assignment that the two work well together and that they are both heavily regulated. Regulation will ensure that the two will work together and that they will both enhance each other. It is suggested that these two types of surveillance will continue to work alongside each other, which each being more useful in differing circumstances Bibliography Cases Christie v United Kingdom 78-A DRE Com HR 119 Malone v UK (1985) 7 EHRR 14 R v Lawrence, Hope, Stapleton, Stapleton, Bravard and May (3 August 2002, CA) Legislation Intelligence Services Act 1994 Police Act 1997 Regulation of Investigatory Powers 2000 Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Covert Surveillance: Code Of Practice) Order 2002 (SI 2002 NO. 1933) Journal Articles S. Uglow, Covert Surveillance And The Echr [1999] Crim Lr 287. D. J. Harris, M. Oboyle and C. Warbrick, Law Of The European Convention On Human Rights (1995) At 290 P. Mirfield, Regulation Of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (2): The Evidence Provisions [2001] Crim Lr 91 Books Feldman, Civil Liberties and Human Rights in England and Wales (2nd edn, 2002); S H Bailey, D J Harris D C Ormerod, Civil Liberties, Cases and Materials (5th edn, 2001); N Whitty, T Murphy S Livingstone, Civil Liberties Law: The Human Rights Act Era;

Academia Barilla Essay -- Marketing, Food Industry

Born of the idea to preserve authentic Italian cuisine, Academia Barilla has faced strategic issues to increase profitability and growth. Offering not only high quality food products, but an education on Italian gastronomy, Academia relies on a differentiated marketing message of authenticity, with the quality to prove it. While striving to teach buyers of the difference between imitation and true Italian cuisine, Academia must continue to seek new strategies to reach a broader customer base. By studying the firm’s core competencies, and performing analysis on the industry, Academia has the tools necessary to meet their objectives. Academia Barilla’s consumers are still a specialized target, despite recent efforts for expansion and growth. For its gourmet foods product line, demographics of consumers in major markets tend to be upper middle to high class citizens of middle to older age. Italy represents the major market for Academia Barilla, with Europe and North America showing promising growth. However, recent severe economic troubles in Italy, Europe, and the United States are a major cause of concern and must be monitored. Regulatory bodies in the countries which market Academia Barilla do not tend to interfere with production. Current consumer trends for healthier, more organic products should be monitored. Whole-wheat and low-carbohydrate products have increased in demand during the past half-decade. Recent developments in the IT field have helped bring e-commerce to new heights. Finally, emerging economies in countries such as Brazil, China, India, and Russia may be targets for possible future hig h growth opportunities. Academia Barilla’s industry comprises of not only fine Italian cuisine artisans, but culinary academi... ...umers, thus gaining new consumer, and building value. Educating the consumers to appreciate what Academia products offer will lead to future profits and long-term gains. A strategy of stressing Italian fundamentals will help differentiate Academia from its competitors, and at the same time increasing their target market. Italian food is continually becoming more popular around the world, and Academia’s potential to expand will increase by protecting their brand loyalty. Academia should continue to participate in culinary events such as the annual Aspen Food and Wine Festival to promote publicity. Academia should also look to advertise in broader food magazines, such as Zagat. Cookbooks would be another way to reach more consumers. With high quality products, these strategy maneuvers will help management reinforce core competencies and stay ahead of competition.

Fools Crow by James Welch Essays -- Fools Crow James Welch Essays

Fools Crow by James Welch We turn back the clock as Welch draws on historical sources and Blackfeet cultural stories in order to explore the past of his ancestors. As a result, he provides a basis for a new understanding of the past and the forces that led to the deciding factor of the Plains Indian tribes. Although Fools Crow reflects the pressure to assimilate inflicted by the white colonizers on the Blackfeet tribes, it also portrays the influence of economic changes during this period. The prosperity created by the hide trade does not ultimately protect the tribe from massacre by the white soldiers. It does, however, effectively change the Blackfeet economy and women's place in their society. Thus, it sets the stage for the continued deterioration of their societal system. Although their economic value is decreased, women still represent an important cog in the economic structure. Indeed, women are central to the survival of the Blackfeet tribal community that Welch creates and in many ways this strength and centrality provide background for the strength of the women depicted in his more contemporary novels. Welch's examination of the past leads to a clearer understanding of the present Blackfeet world presented throughout his work. James Welch relies heavily on documented Blackfeet history and family stories, but he merges those actual events and people with his imagination and thus creates a tension between fiction and history, weaving a tapestry that reflects a vital tribal community under pressure from outside forces. Welch re-imagines the past in order to document history in a way that includes past and future generations, offers readers insight into the tribal world-views of the Blackfeet, examines women's roles in the tribe, and leads to a recovery of identity. Welch also creates a Blackfeet world of the late 1800s--a tribal culture in the process of economic and social change as a result of the introduction of the horse and gun and the encroachment of the white invaders or "seizers" as Welch identifies them. Significantly, Welch deconstructs the myth that Plains Indian women were just slaves and beasts of burden and presents them as fully rounded women, women who were crucial to the survival of the tribal community. In fact, it is the women who perform the day-to-day duties and rituals that enable cultural survival for the tribes of... ... Just as Fools Crow reaches back to the past in an effort to provide for Yellow Kidney's family, he looks to the future near the end of the novel and tells the survivor of the massacre at Marias River: "It is good you are alive. You will have much to teach the young ones about the Napikwans." He remembers Feather Woman's vision of Pikuni children, "quiet and huddled together, alone and foreign in their own country" and says, "We must think of our children." Transcending time through imagination leads to a unification of past and present, and reflecting on the roles women fulfilled in the past and their relative position of balance in contemporary Blackfeet society leads to the conclusion that it is the day-to-day functions they performed that enabled cultural survival. Tribal world-view demands attention to everyday tasks to achieve the balance needed for survival and it was the women who were grounded and provided the center for the community. The theme that James Welch has presented to us about a Blackfeet world "endangered but intact where men and women know who and where they are." Plays a big part in our own lives; we all need to find our self in this world and act upon it.

HR is staffed with nice people Essay

Strategic management of people through HR programs and policies helps to ensure organizational outcomes such as: Organizational survival, profitability, customer satisfaction and employee performance. HR Professionals have been criticized for not understanding and using language of business when discussing the value of the HR Programs. STRATEGY: the formulation of organizational missions, goals, objectives and action plans for achievement that explicitly recognize the competition and the impact of outside environmental forces Future direction and performance targets Strategic planning=rationale process Ends are measure bale Resources are allocated to achieve ends THE FIVE P’S OF STRATEGY BY MINTZBERG 1. Plan: an intended course of action a firm has selected to deal with a situation 2. Purpose: a consistent stream of actions that sometimes are the result of a deliberate plan and sometimes the result of emergent actions based on reaction to environmental changes or shifting of assumptions 3. Ploy : a specific maneuver at the tactical level with a short time horizon 4. Position: the location of an organization relative to its competitors and other environmental factors 5. Perspective: the personality of the organization DESCRIPTIONS OF STRATEGY Strategy: a declaration of intent Strategic intent: a tangible corporate goal, a point of view about the competitive positions a company hopes to build over a decade Strategic planning: the systematic determination of goals & the plans to achieve them Dynamic process, moving, shifting & evolving as conditions warrant changes Objectives: the end, the goals, make-it-or-break it! Plans: the product of strategy, the means to the end Strategic plan: a formal written statement that outlines the future directions and goals of an organization, including long-term performance goals/targets Policies: broad guidelines to action, which establish the parameters or rules Strategy formulation: the entire process of conceptualizing the mission of an organization, identifying the strategy, and developing long-range performance goals Strategy implementation/ execution: those activities that employees and managers of an organization undertake to enact the strategic plan, to achieve the performance goals STRATEGY TIMEFRAMES strategic planning=thinking about the future,the future is unpredictable planning horizon commonly 3-5 years, plans must be flexible enough to cope with changes that appear STRATEGIC TYPES **different org strategies require different HRM strategies (policies and practices) 1. Corporate strategies: Overall strategy for organization and businesses or interests Usually focus on long-term growth and survival goals Typically represented in the â€Å"mission statement† Is key to attracting investors as it examines and questions about which competitive strategy to choose from 2. Business Strategies (LOB) a. Focus on one line of business as opposed to overall organization b. Plans to build a competitive focus with supporting action plans in one line of business 3. Operational Strategies a. Resources, processes, people and how they are organized to support the Corporate and LOB strategic direction

Armenian Language

anNadine Abo Laban 900113591 Gap paper 2 (Armenian Language) Introduction The guest speaker who graced us with her presence was Alyssah Depoya, who is of Armenian origin. According to Alyssah, all pure Armenians last names end with â€Å"yan† which acts as an indicator of whether the person is of pure Armenian origin. Armenia is a mountainous country located in the South Caucasus region in Eurasia. It is bordered by Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Iran (â€Å"Armenia†, n. d). Armenian people have a very rich and dense culture. It is one of the world’s oldest civilizations.Armenia was also the very first country to embrace Christianity as its religion. The Armenian culture has been shaped and influenced by many other countries due to the several invasions that their people had to endure. It has been conquered by the Persians, Greeks, Mongols, Byzantines, Ottomans, Arabs, Romans and Russians. The most brutal invasion was when the Ottoman Turks took over Armenia, ki lling its people and leaving them to starve to death. During the Ottoman take over between 600,000 and 1. 5 million Armenians were killed, leaving this massacre to be the very first genocide of the 20th century.Moreover, Turkey denies such a massacre having occurred and claims till this present day that death casualties were a minimum. Armenia houses a population of 3,140,000 citizens. However the total Armenian population is 5,924,320. They are wide spread over Azerbaijan, Canada, Egypt, Cyprus, Estonia, Georgia, France, Greece, Bulgaria, Lebanon, Palestine, Russia, united states and Syria (Lewis, 2013). Facts about the language According to my research from the Ethonologue and Wikipedia, there are 5,924,320 speakers of Armenian all over the world.The language belongs to the Indo-European language family and has several dialects. Most linguists identify the language as a separate branch under the indo European family. You can also call the Armenian language by Armjanski Yazyk, Ena, Ermeni Dili, Ermenice, Somkhuri. Before the creation of an Armenian alphabet, the Armenians used Greek and Aramaic characters. In 405 AD, the 36 characters of the Armenian alphabet were introduced. However, during the middle ages two more characters were introduced to the already existing alphabet so they can spell out borrowed foreign words.There are two different dialects of the Armenian languages used till this day. There is the Eastern classical Armenian, and the western, which is more commonly spoken by the people. The western dialect is mainly used outside of the republic of Armenia, whereas eastern is used both inside and outside the country. Report on the speaker’s presentation Fortunately, everything Alyssah informed us about coincided with my research. She was very entertaining and did not miss a detail about what we needed to know.

Essay on Islamic Societys Treatment of Women - 4405 Words

Islamic Societys Treatment of Women From the time of birth, a Muslim womans place in Islamic society already has a shadow cast over it. Instead of the joyous cry that boys receive of Allah Abkar1 when they are born, a baby girl is welcomed into the world with a hushed Qurannic prayer. Although Islam venomously denies its role in the suppression of women, a survey of Islamic countries reveals that women are denied their humanity. The status of women in Islamic countries is undeniably inferior to men. Over the last twenty years, progress has been made in many countries which has helped elevate the roles which Muslim women play in their societies. Although progress has been made in certain countries, there still exist†¦show more content†¦An example of this is in Bangladeshi society, where women are not allowed to speak the name of their husbands directly, because it is viewed as immodest and disrespectful.3 In addition to this tradition that has been adopted from Hinduism, women in Bangladesh are rarely referred to by their first name, but are instead addressed as mens wives, brothers sisters, or fathers daughters.4 It is obvious from this simple fact that women are not viewed as individuals aside from what they give to the world of men. To supplement these simple practices of suppression, there are also sacred concepts and beliefs that exist in Islamic countries that display misogyny.5 Fatima Mernissi writes: Banning mixing of sexes and advocating the separation of men and women as the measure to alleviate all political crises is far from being a novelty in Muslim political history. It is a tradition, even a state tradition. Opposition forces claim past practice as the basis for treating women with contempt. A Muslim Sovereign in a crisis, facing hunger riots or popular revolt, immediately has recourse to the traditional practice of destroying the stores of wine and placing a ban on women leaving their homes, and especially on their using the same transportation as men, reducing them to the state of immobility in capitals like Cairo and Baghdad which are traversed by great rivers....Wine andShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination Against Islamic Women Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesseemingly eluded the awareness of most. Sexism is frequently the discrimination of women and/or favoritism of men. It is astonishingly prevalent and incredibly real in society. For instance, sexism in Arabic, Isl amic countries, such as Afghanistan, is rampant and, unfortunately, not under control. 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Finally, itRead MoreApplication of African Customary Law in Kenya1586 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween members in a community. Customary laws are said to be applicable to the extent that they are not repugnant to justice, morality or any other written law. CUSTOM AS A SOURCE OF LAW Both custom and law are the realization of the measure of society’s insight and ability and also the principles of right and justice. Law embodies these principles in the exercise of its sovereign power while custom embodies its principles as acknowledged and approved by the public opinion of the society rather thanRead MoreHrm Brunei vs Other Western Country2544 Words   |  11 Pagesindividuals are incorporated into groups | Masculinity vs. Femininity | Refers to the distribution of roles and values between the genders. The women in feminine countries have the same modest, caring and competitive, like the men. However, in masculine countries, women are more competitive and assertive, but not as much as the men. | Uncertainty Avoidance | A society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity | Figure 1 identifies the characteristics of the four dimensions (Hofstede, 1984). Brunei regainedRead MoreHrm Brunei vs Other Western Country2538 Words   |  11 Pagesindividuals are incorporated into groups | Masculinity vs. Femininity | Refers to the distribution of roles and values between the genders. The women in feminine countries have the same modest, caring and competitive, like the men. However, in masculine countries, women are more competitive and assertive, but not as much as the men. | Uncertainty Avoidance | A society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity | Figure 1 identifies the characteristics of the four dimensions (Hofstede, 1984). Brunei regainedRead MoreStolen Childhood- Child Soldiers1434 Words   |  6 Pagestaught from a young age to seek acceptance and approval from authority. In many countries, the children may go as far as to be easily swayed into military service. This is demonstrated in Liberia, where the mistreatment and discrimination against women instills an inferiority complex in females across the country. This also makes it easy for men to enslave young girls in sex trafficking. Liberia also promotes submission to authority, which makes children an easy prey for lurking military men (Kimmel)Read MoreThe Representation Of Media Representation2107 Words   |  9 Pagessexual objects, focused on physical beauty, shown as homemakers and there are very few women shown in powerful and lead roles (Lauzen, Dozier, Horan, 2008). Many children are exposed to these media representations and grow up believing these perspectives and stereotypes about being a male or a female. Shows such as â€Å"The Bac helor† and â€Å"Real Housewives of Beverly hills† represent women to be dependent on men and the women are always made to dress to come across as attractive, sexualizing females (Lauzen

King Louis The King Of France - 920 Words

After losing his crown, Louis XVI lost his head to the instrument he had approved for use on January 21, 1793. It is estimated that over 10,000 people lost their heads to the slanted blade during the Reign of Terror 1793-1794. (Noe). King Louis XVI lost his life due to treason. It seems that the top class seems to learn too late that their fate is based upon the population s happiness. In France in the late 1700s was no different. Louis XVI inherited a royal mess when he became the king of France in 1775. There were clashes in the social classes and the economy was in havoc. The aristocracy was living off the peasants and borrowed money. The middle class became wealthy merchants from their shops and banks. The low class, the commoners became uneasy; they were supporting the nobles in the aristocracy with their taxes, while constantly barely making ends meet. King Louis XVI was a mere twenty years old; he was young, inexperienced, and easily influenced. The ministers normally gave him advice, but he would rarely follow it, because he believed he had the divine right to be king. Eventually he restarted France s parlement, which was regional judicial bodies made up of aristocrats. He hoped the aristocrats could help the courts who were severely in debt from two wars. Although the commoners were suffering, the nobles in parlement passed laws to help themselves. Parlement persuaded the king to resurrect the Estates-General which was a three body group that hadShow MoreRelatedKing Louis Xiv Of France1222 Words   |  5 Pagespower and sovereignty is embodied within one person. Absolute kings attempted to control competing institutions and jurisdictions in their state, and secured power with the nobility. An absolute monarchy has total political power over its sovereign state and people. King Louis XIV of France and Tsar Peter the Great of Russia were both absolute monarchs. These two monarchs satisfied the four characteristics of absolutism: divine righ t of kings, meaning they were chosen by God; skilled bureaucracy, whereRead MoreKing Louis Xiv And The Sun King925 Words   |  4 Pages King Louis XIV of France was known as â€Å"Louis the Great† or the â€Å"Sun King† because he ruled with such strength and power. King Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, was a helpful leader in France. King Louis XIV had the longest reign in European history, reigning from 1643 to 1715. King Louis XIV was an effective ruler politically, religiously, socially, and artistically. Louis XIV ruled with an iron fist, which many would come to criticize him for this, but it is one of his strong pointsRead MoreTimeline List : Karl s Day Massacre1467 Words   |  6 PagesTimeline List: Karl - France John Calvin Louis XV Louis XIV Louis XIII Henry IV Henry III Henry VIII Charles IX Edict of Nantes St. Bartholomew s Day Massacre Research: John Calvin: http://www.biography.com/people/john-calvin-9235788 Was a Theologian, and Journalist Born July 10, 1509 and died May 27, 1564 Born in Noyon, Picardy, France and died in Geneva, Switzerland studied at University of Paris, University of Orlà ©ans, University of Bourges He lived in Geneva until anti-protestant authoritiesRead MoreLouis Xiv : The French Head Of State1210 Words   |  5 PagesMaybe one of the most famous of European monarchs, King Louis XIV ruled France for about 72 years, was the French head of state. King Louis XIV reign was believed to be reputably famous as one of Absolute government, mainly because the king had his own dominating and particular way of governing the nation. At a young age of only 5 years old he attained the powers of a a king, Louis XIV ruled with the help of his mother and Cardinal Mazarin acting as head of the state deciding most of the civilianRead MoreKing Louis Xiv : An Absolute Ruler1373 Words   |  6 PagesKing Louis XIV was born on September 5, 1638 in a place called Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France (Louis XIV Biography). Louis XIV became King of France in 1643 and he began to reform France and make changes to France. Louis XIV ideology was the ideology of an absolute monarch. Louis XIV believed that all kings ruled by divine right. He believed that God gave him the authority to rule France. He believed he was the French state and that he should be in complete control. Cardinal Richelieu was a man whoRead More Louis XIV Essay examples1257 Words   |  6 PagesLouis XIV After being ruled by a prime minister for so long, France needed some changes. That is exactly what Louis the XIV would bring to France. In an age of separation, Louis wanted to start a unification process. He started this by giving himself sole power and also only having one religion for the country. The king is always the center of attention good or bad. Louis was prepared to take the good with the bad, and handled it well. He emphasized the king as the centerRead MoreThe Contributions Of King Louis And The French Revolution1634 Words   |  7 PagesKing Louis used his lack of leadership to cause one of the most destructive events of the French Revolution. His choice to send the troops stressed to his people the need for revolt because their so-called leader did not care about their desires or did not care to listen to their pleas for help. The poor character of France’s monarch continued to seal Louis’s fate. After the fall of the Bastille, Marie Antoinette involved herself more in her husband’s politics. Before 1789, Louis XVI did not allowRead More King Louis XIV: A Disastrous Ruler Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesKing Louis XIV: A Disastrous Ruler It is often debated whether or not the reign of King Louis XIV had a positive or negative effect on France. Although there were improvements during his reign in transportation, culture, and national defense, there were far more negative aspects. He depleted the national treasury with his liberal spending on personal luxuries and massive monuments. His extreme fear of the loss of power led to poor decision making, which caused the court to beRead MoreThe Grand Palace Of Versailles1085 Words   |  5 PagesVersailles starts in the small town of Versailles, France. The town is located only about 10 miles from the capital of France; Paris. Louis XIII first took appreciation to the land when he decided to build a small building in the town of Versailles. This building was primarily used by the king and his family for hunting parties and private get-aways for Louis XIII and his family. The building that stood at Versailles got a major renovation when in 1661 Louis XIV decided to turn the quaint hunting lodgeRead MoreThe King Took Flight, By Timothy Tackett897 Words   |  4 PagesWhen the King Took Flight, by Timothy Tackett, describes the events leading up to and directly following Louis XVI’s attempt to flee the country. During the time of the Revolution and the implementation of the Constitution by the National Assembly, Louis XVI and the royal family are convinced to flee the country to Austria and from there work on bringing power back to the Monarchy of France. It took years of planning to successfully determine how the royal family was going to complete the impossible